Evidence update—association between CILP and degeneration of the intervertebral disc: a meta-analysis

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is an underlying pathological process which leads to lower back pain (1). Whilst initial weakening of IVDs may be asymptomatic, subsequent disc herniation can cause spinal stenosis and segmental instability (2). Conservative or surgical management can alleviate clinical symptoms, but may be unable to prevent continued degeneration.